Metaanálisis de generalización de la fiabilidad de la Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS)

Autores/as

Resumen

La Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS) es una escala ampliamente utilizada para evaluar las compras compulsivas como conducta adictiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la fiabilidad de la versión de 7 ítems del BSAS y examinar posibles variables moderadoras. Se realizó un metaanálisis con 15 estudios que incluían 17 muestras independientes. El valor medio del alfa fue 0,88 (95 % CI [0,86 a 0,90]), con alta heterogeneidad (I² = 97,99 %). Las variables que más contribuyeron a dicha heterogeneidad fueron la edad media de la muestra (R² = 0,50) y la desviación típica de la edad (R² = 0,36). En conjunto, los resultados indican que el BSAS es una escala fiable y consistente para evaluar las compras compulsivas. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de reportar la fiabilidad en los estudios empíricos y sirven como base para futuras investigaciones sobre la versión de 28 ítems y sus propiedades psicométricas.

Palabras clave

Revisión sistemática, Metaanálisis, Fiabilidad, Compra compulsiva

Citas

Abad, Francisco José, & Ponsoda, Vicente. (2012). Medición en ciencias sociales y de la salud. Síntesis.

Aboujaoude, Elias. (2014). Compulsive buying disorder: A review and update. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20(25), 4021–4025. https://doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990618

Adamczyk, Grzegorz. (2024). Pathological buying on the rise? Compensative and compulsive buying in Poland in the pre-and (Post-) pandemic times. PLOS ONE, 19(3), e0298856. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298856

Adamczyk, Grzegorz; Capetillo-Ponce, Jorge, & Szczygielski, Dominik. (2020). Compulsive buying in Poland. An empirical study of people married or in a stable relationship. Journal of Consumer Policy, 43, 593–610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-020-09450-4

American Psychiatric Association. (2014). Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales (DSM-5) (5ª Ed.). Editorial Médica Panamerica.

Andreassen, Cecilie Schou; Griffiths, Mark Daniel; Pallesen, Stàle; Bilder, Robert Michael; Torsheim, Torbjørn, & Aboujaoude, Elias. (2015). The Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale: Reliability and validity of a brief screening test. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1374. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01374

Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469

Badenes-Ribera, Laura; Rubio-Aparicio, María, & Sánchez-Meca, Julio. (2020). Meta-análisis de generalización de la fiabilidad. Informació Psicològica, 119, 17–32. https://doi.org/10.14635/IPSIC.2020.119.6

Borenstein, Michael; Hedges, Larry Vernon; Higgins, Julian Paul, & Rothstein, Hannah Ruth. (2021). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley & Sons.

Brunelle, Caroline, & Grossman, Hanna. (2022). Predictors of online compulsive buying: The role of personality and mindfulness. Personality and Individual Differences, 185, 111237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111237

Burleigh, Tyrone Lee; Griffiths, Mark Daniel; Sumich, Alexander; Wang, Grace Yihong, & Kuss, Daria Joanna. (2022). Coping and co-occurrence of gaming disorder and substance use in recovering substance users. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(24), 7370. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247370

Burleigh, Tyrone Lee; Griffiths, Mark Daniel; Sumich, Alexander; Wang, Grace Yihong; Stavropoulos, Vasileios; Kannis-Dymand, Lee, & Kuss, Daria Joanna. (2022). Co-occurrence of gaming disorder and other potentially addictive behaviours between Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(23), 16078. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316078

Chang, Sylvia Szu-En; Jain, Shailendra Pratap, & Reimann, Martin. (2021). The role of standards and discrepancy perfectionism in maladaptive consumption. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 6(3), 402–413. https://doi.org/10.1086/714384

Charzyńska, Edyta; Sitko-Dominik, Magdalena; Wysocka, Ewa, & Olszanecka-Marmola, Agata. (2021). Exploring the roles of daily spiritual experiences, self-efficacy, and gender in shopping addiction: A moderated mediation model. Religions, 12(5), 355. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12050355

De Mattos, Cristiana Nogueira; Kim, Hyoun Sook; Requião, Marinalva Gonçalves; Marasaldi, Renata Furlan; Filomensky, Tatiana Zanetti; Hodgins, David Charles, & Tavares, Hermano. (2016). Gender differences in compulsive buying disorder: Assessment of demographic and psychiatric co-morbidities. PLOS ONE, 11(12), e0167365. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167365

Dell’Osso, Bernardo; Allen, Andrea; Altamura, Carlo Andrea; Buoli, Massimiliano, & Hollander, Eric. (2008). Impulsive-compulsive buying disorder: Clinical overview. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 42(4), 259–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/000486707018815

Erikson, Erik Homburger. (1950). Childhood and society. Norton.

Esparza-Reig, Javier; Guillén-Riquelme, Alejandro; Martí-Vilar, Manuel, & González-Sala, Francisco. (2021). A reliability generalization meta-analysis of the south oaks gambling screen (SOGS). Psicothema, 33(3), 490. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2020.449

Esparza-Reig, Javier, & Julián, Martín. (2024). Association between suicidal ideation and burnout: A meta-analysis. Death Studies, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2023.2300064

Fraley, Chris, & Raftery, Adrian Edward. (2002). Model-based clustering, discriminant analysis, and density estimation. Journal of the American Stadistical Association, 97(458), 611–631. https://doi.org/10.1198/016214502760047131

Gomez, Rapson; Stavropoulos, Vasileios, & Brown, Taylor. (2024). The Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS): Factor structure, longitudinal measurement invariance, and temporal stability across a two-year interval. Current Psychology, 43(35), 28316–28322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06367-w

Gomez, Rapson; Stavropoulos, Vasileios; Brown, Taylor, & Griffiths, Mark Daniel. (2022). Factor structure of ten psychoactive substance addictions and behavioural addictions. Psychiatry Research, 313, 114605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114605

González, Emili Llorenç, & Lemos, Mariantonia. (2020). Asociación de síntomas emocionales e impulsividad con la compra compulsiva en universitarios. Informes Psicológicos, 20(1), 75–90. https://doi.org/10.18566/infpsic.v20n1a06

González-Fuente, Beatriz, & Moral-Jiménez, María Dolores Luisa Victoria. (2024). Online and offline shopping addiction and its relationship with state-trait anxiety and impulsivity. Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual, 32(2), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.51668/bp.8324202n

Gori, Alessio; Topino, Eleonora; Fioravanti, Giulia, & Casale, Silvia. (2022). Exploring the psychodynamics of compulsive shopping: Single and moderated mediation analyses. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 22, 2149–2165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-022-00977-w

Grant, Jon Edvard; Potenza, Marc Nathan; Weinstein, Aviv, & Gorelick, David Allen. (2010). Introduction to behavioral addictions. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 36(5), 233–241. https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2010.491884

Grassi, Giacomo; Moradei, Corinna, & Cecchelli, Chiara. (2024). Prevalence and clinical phenotypes of adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbid behavioral addictions. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 13(2), 473–481. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2024.00020

Guillén-Riquelme, Alejandro, & Buela-Casal, Gualberto. (2014). Meta-analysis of group comparison and meta-analysis of reliability generalization of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Revista Española de Salud Pública, 88, 101–112. https://doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272014000100007

Hartigan, John Anthony, & Wong, Manchek A. (1979). Algorithm AS 136: A K-means clustering algorithm. Journal of the Royal Stadistical Society. Series C (Applied Stadistics), 28(1), 100–108. https://doi.org/10.2307/2346830

Heffernan, Tom; Hamilton, Colin, & Neave, Nick. (2024). Compulsive shopping behaviour and executive dysfunction in young adults. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult, 31(3), 248–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2021.2013846

Higgins, Julian Paul Thompson; Thompson, Simon Francis; Deeks, Jonathan James, & Altman, Douglas Geoffrey. (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ (Clinical Research ed.), 327(7414), 557–560. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557

Kossmeier, Michael; Tran, Ulrich Siegfried, & Voracek, Martin. (2020). Metaviz: Forest plots, funnel plots, and visual funnel plot inference for meta-analysis (0.3.1). https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/metaviz/index.html

Lagunes-Córdoba, Roberto. (2017). Recommendations about procedures for construction and validation of scales in health psychology. Psicología y Salud, 27(1), 5–18.

Leite, Priscilla Lopes, & Silva, Adriana Cristina. (2016). Psychiatric and socioeconomic aspects as possible predictors of compulsive buying behavior. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 38(3), 141–146. https://doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0057

Leongómez, Juan David. (2023). Meta-análisis de correlaciones y meta-regresión en R: Guía práctica. MetaArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31222/osf.io/yaxd4

Maraz, Aniko; Griffiths, Mark Daniel, & Demetrovics, Zsolt. (2016). The prevalence of compulsive buying: A meta‐analysis. Addiction, 111(3), 408–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13223

Maraz, Aniko; van den Brink, Wim, & Demetrovics, Zsolt. (2015). Prevalence and construct validity of compulsive buying disorder in shopping mall visitors. Psychiatry research, 228(3), 918–924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.012

Mert, Mustafa, & Tengilimoğlu, Dilara. (2023). The mediating role of FoMO and the moderating role of narcissism in the impact of social exclusion on compulsive buying: A cross-cultural study. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 36(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00274-y

Mestre-Bach, Gemma; Steward, Trevor; Jiménez-Murcia, Susana, & Fernández-Aranda, Fernando. (2017). Differences and similarities between compulsive buying and other addictive behaviors. Current Addiction Reports, 4, 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-017-0153-z

Molina, Manuel Antonio. (2018). Aspectos metodológicos del metaanálisis (1). Pediatría Atención Primaria, 20(79), 297–302.

Moulding, Richard; Kings, Catherine, & Knight, Tony. (2021). The things that make us: Self and object attachment in hoarding and compulsive buying-shopping disorder. Current Opinion in Psychology, 39, 100–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.08.016

Müller, Astrid; Brand, Matthias; Claes, Laurence; Demetrovics, Zsolt; de Zwaan, Martina; Fernández-Aranda, Fernando; Frost, Randy Oliver; Jimenez-Murcia, Susana; Lejoyeux, Michael; Steins-Loeber, Sabine; Mitchell, James Elmer; Moulding, Richard; Nedeljkovic, Maja; Trotzke, Patrick; Weinstein, Aviv, & Kyrios, Michael. (2019). Buying-shopping disorder: Is there enough evidence to support its inclusion in ICD-11?. CNS spectrums, 24(4), 374–379. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852918001323

Müller, Astrid; Claes, Laurence, & Kyrios, Michael. (2021). Object attachment in buying-shopping disorder. Current Opinion in Psychology, 39, 115–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.08.019

Müller, Astrid; Trotzke, Patrick; Mitchell, James Elmer; de Zwaan, Martina, & Brand, Matthias. (2015). The Pathological Buying Screener: Development and psychometric properties of a new screening instrument for the assessment of pathological buying symptoms. PLOS ONE, 10(10), e0141094. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141094

Nadeau, Miranda Marie; Rochlen, Aaron Brian, & Tyminski, Robert. (2019). The psychology of shoplifting: Development of a new typology for repeated shoplifting. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 63(13), 2338–2355. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X19845979

Nunnally, Julius Charles, & Bernstein, Irwin Howard. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Oelker, Andreas; Rumpf, Hans-Jürgen Josef; Brand, Matthias, & Müller, Silke Marie. (2024). Validation of the ACSID-11 for consistent screening of specific Internet-use disorders based on ICD-11 criteria for gaming disorder: A multitrait-multimethod approach. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 132, 152470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152470

Olkin, Ingram; Dahabreh, Issa Joseph, & Trikalinos, Thomas A. (2012). GOSH - a graphical display of study heterogeneity. Research synthesis methods, 3(3), 214–223. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1053

Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2021). Clasificación internacional de enfermedades (CIE-11) (11.ª revisión). Organización Mundial de la Salud. https://icd.who.int/es

Page, Matthew James; McKenzie, Joanne Elizabeth; Bossuyt, Patrick Michel; Boutron, Isabelle; Hoffmann, Tammy Claire; Mulrow, Cynthia Denise; Shamseer, Larissa; Tetzlaff, Jennifer Mary; Akl, Elie; Brennan, Sue Ellen; Chou, Roger; Glanville, Julie; Grimshaw, Jeremy Michael; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn; Lalu, Manoj Mani; Li, Tianjing; Loder, Elizabeth Wallach; Mayo-Wilson, Evan; McDonald, Steve, … & Moher, David. (2021). Declaración PRISMA 2020: Una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Revista Española de Cardiología, 74(9), 790–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016

Quintana, Daniel. (2023). A guide for calculating study-level statistical powerformeta-analyses. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 6(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459221147260

Rezaieh, Seyed Ali; Ghorbani, Nima, & Farahani, Hojjatollah. (2023). Mediating role of splitting in relation to attachment styles and shopping addiction. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1249591

Riasat, Nimra, & Akram, Bushra. (2023). Translation and adaptation of Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale: A validation study. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 38(1), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.33824/PJPR.2023.38.1.04

Rodríguez, Marisol R.; Hodann-Caudevilla, Ricardo Miguel; Páramo, Íñigo Alejandro, & Molina-Ruiz, Rosa María. (2023). Adicciones sin sustancia o adicciones comportamentales. Medicine-Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado, 13(85), 4998–5009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.med.2023.08.011

Rubio-Aparicio, María; Badenes-Ribera, Laura; Sánchez-Meca, Julio; Fabris, Matteo A., & Longobardi, Claudio. (2019). A reliability generalization meta-analysis of self-report measures of muscle dysmorphia. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 27(1), e12303. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12303

Rubio-Aparicio, María; López-López, José A; Viechtbauer, Wolfgang; Marín-Martínez, Fulgencio; Botella, Juan, & Sánchez-Meca, Julio. (2020). Testing categorical moderators in mixed-effects meta-analysis in the presence of heteroscedasticity. The Journal of Experimental Education, 88(2), 288–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2018.1561404

Sánchez-Meca, Julio; Alacid-de-Pascual, Isaac; López-Pina, José Antonio, & Sánchez-Jiménez, Juan Diego Luís Carlos. (2016). A reliability generalization meta-analysis of the Leyton Obsessional Inventory Child Version Survey Form. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 90, e50003. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1135-57272016000100503

Sánchez‐Meca, Julio; López-Pina, José Antonio, & López, José Luís. (2011). El problema de la inducción de la fiabilidad de los tests en la investigación psicológica: Una revisión sistemática. In VIII Foro sobre Evaluación de la Calidad de la Investigación y de la Educación Superior: libro de capítulos, 462–465. Asociación Española de Psicología Conductual.

Sánchez-Meca, Julio, & Marín-Martínez, Fulgencio. (2008). Confidence intervals for the overall effect size in random-effects meta-analysis. Psychological Methods, 13(1), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.13.1.31

Sánchez‐Meca, Julio; Marín‐Martínez, Fulgencio; López‐López, José Antonio; Núñez‐Núñez, Rosa María; Rubio‐Aparicio, María; López‐García, Juan José; López-Pina, José Antonio; Blázquez-Rincón, Desirée María; López-Ibáñez, Carmen, & López‐Nicolás, Rubén. (2021). Improving the reporting quality of reliability generalization meta‐analyses: The REGEMA checklist. Research Synthesis Methods, 12(4), 516–536. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1487

Schubert, Erich; Sander, Jörg; Ester, Martin; Kriegel, Hans Peter, & Xu, Xiaowei. (2017). DBSCAN revisited, revisited: Why and how you should (still) use DBSCAN. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 42(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3068335

Suhud, Usep; Allan, Mamoon; Juliana, Juliana, & Rahmi, Rahmi. (2024). The drivers of addiction to online shopping, social media, and tourism: A study of cyborg consumers. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 8(3), 1405–1414. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2024.4.002

Thomas, Tobias Alexander; Laskowski, Nora Marie; Lesener, Tino; Gusy, Burkhard; de Zwaan, Martina, & Müller, Astrid. (2024). Prevention approaches for compulsive buying-shopping disorder. SUCHT, 70(6), 347–356. https://doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000897

Uzarska, Aleksandra; Czerwiński, Stanisław Kazimierz, & Atroszko, Paweł Adam. (2021). Measurement of shopping addiction and its relationship with personality traits and well-being among Polish undergraduate students. Current Psychology, 42, 3794–3810. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01712-9

Vacha-Haase, Tammi; Kogan, Lori Renee, & Thompson, Bruce. (2000). Sample compositions and variabilities in published studies versus those of test manuals: Validity of score reliability inductions. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60, 509–522. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131640021970682

Valence, Gilles; d’Astous, Alain, & Fortier, Louis. (1988). Compulsive buying: Concept and measurement. Journal of consumer policy, 11(4), 419–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00411854

Vevea, Jack Lee, & Woods, Carol Marie. (2005). Publication bias in research synthesis: Sensitivity analysis using a priori weight functions. Psychological Methods, 10(4), 428–443. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.10.4.428

Viechtbauer, Wolfgang. (2010). Conducting meta-analyses in r with the metafor package. Journal of Statistical Software, 36(3), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v036.i03

Villardefrancos, Estíbaliz, & Otero-López, José Manuel. (2016). Compulsive buying in university students: Its prevalence and relationships with materialism, psychological distress symptoms, and subjective well-being. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 65, 128–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.11.007

Weinstein, Aviv; Maraz, Aniko; Griffiths, Mark Daniel; Lejoyeux, Michel, & Demetrovics, Zsolt. (2016). Compulsive buying-features and characteristics of addiction. Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse, 3(98) 993–1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800634-4.00098-6

Wickham, Hadley. (2023). Forcats: Tools for working with categorical variables (factors) (1.0.0). https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/forcats/index.html

Wickham, Hadley; Chang, Winston; Henry, Lionel; Pedersen, Thomas Lin; Dunnington, Kirill Timothy; Woo, Hyon; Yutani, Dewey, & Wilke, Claus. (2016). ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/

Zarate, Daniel; Fullwood, Lana; Prokofieva, María; Griffiths, Mark Daniel, & Stavropoulos, Vasileios. (2022). Problematic shopping behavior: An item response theory examination of the seven-item Bergen shopping addiction scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21, 4108–4126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-022-00844-8

Biografía del autor/a

Marc Carrasco-Reig, Universitat de València

Doctor en Psicología por la Universitat de València y docente en el área de metodología en la Universidad Europea de Valencia. Su investigación se centra en las conductas digitales adictivas y factores de riesgo y protección relacionados, con el objetivo de desarrollar modelos explicativos que orienten la práctica profesional.

Manuel Martí-Vilar, Universitat de València

Profesor Titular de la Universitat de València. Treinta años en docencia, investigación, transferencia e innovación. Ha dirigido programas de doctorado y posgrado en desarrollo personal, y educación, fomentando la internacionalización, la interdisciplinariedad y la adaptación a contextos. Investigación centrada en prosocialidad y adicciones tecnológicas, habiendo publicado 80 publicaciones en JCR.

Francisco González-Sala, Universitat de València

Profesor Titular en la Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia de la Universitat de Valencia, con dos sexenios de investigación reconocidos. Actualmente, desarrollo líneas de investigación en adicciones, menores con medidas de protección, trastornos del neurodesarrollo y documentación, habiendo publicado más de 80 artículos en revistas de reconocido prestigio.

Javier Esparza-Reig, Universidad Europea de Valencia

Doctor en Psicología por la Universitat de València y docente en el área de metodología en la Universidad Europea de Valencia. Investigo principalmente conductas adictivas, especialmente adicciones comportamentales. Mi trabajo analiza factores de riesgo y bienestar psicológico, desarrollando modelos explicativos y de prevención en población general y universitaria.

Publicado

2026-08-17

Cómo citar

Carrasco-Reig, M., Martí-Vilar, M., González-Sala, F., & Esparza-Reig, J. (2026). Metaanálisis de generalización de la fiabilidad de la Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS). Quaderns De Psicologia, 28(2), e2317. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/qpsicologia.2317

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.