Dificultades de regulación emocional e intolerancia a la in-certidumbre en estudiantes universitarios

Autores/as

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar si las dificultades que las personas pueden experimentar para regular sus emociones negativas poseen un efecto sobre la intolerancia a la incertidumbre, en-tendiendo a esta última como la capacidad para tolerar el malestar asociado a estímulos inciertos. Para ello, se aplicó a 152 estudiantes universitarios la Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emo-cional y la Escala de Intolerancia a la Incertidumbre. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la asocia-ción efectiva entre ambas variables indicando que, mientras mayores son las dificultades que la per-sona experimenta para regular eficazmente las emociones negativas, mayores resultan también los niveles de intolerancia a la incertidumbre. Específicamente, las dificultades que resultaron predicto-ras fueron: Falta de aceptación emocional, Dificultad en conducta dirigida a metas y Acceso limi-tado a estrategias de regulación emocional. El estudio reviste interés en términos de implicaciones clínicas, especialmente para la población universitaria.

Palabras clave

Regulación emocional, Psicopatología, Intolerancia a la incertidumbre, Estudiantes universitarios

Citas

Al-badareen, Ghaleb (2016). Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies as Predictors of Academic Achievement among University Students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS], 10(4), 680-686. https://doi.org/10.24200/jeps.vol10iss4pp680-686

Ameral, Victoria; Palm Reed, Kathleen M.; Cameron, Amy & Armstrong, Jessica L. (2014). What are measures of distress tolerance really capturing? A mixed methods analysis. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 1(4), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000024

American Psychological Association. (2010). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. Washington, DC: The American Psychologist. Retrieved from www.apa.org/ethics/code/principles.pdf

Bardeen, Joseph R.; Tull, Matthew T.; Dixon-Gordon, Katherine L.; Stevens, Erin N., & Gratz, Kim L. (2015). Attentional Control as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Difficulties Accessing Effective Emotion Regulation Strategies and Distress Tolerance. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(1), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-014-9433-2

Boelen, Paul A., & Reijntjes, Albert (2009). Intolerance of uncertainty and social anxiety. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(1), 130-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.04.007

Cai, Ru Ying; Richdale, Amanda L.; Dissanayake, Cheryl, & Uljarević, Mirko (2018). Brief Report: Inter-Relationship between Emotion Regulation, Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety, and Depression in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(1), 316-325. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3318-7

Campo Cabal, Gerardo, & Gutiérrez Segura, Julio César (2001). Psicopatología en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Salud – Univalle. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 4, 351-358.

Carleton, Nicholas R. (2012). The intolerance of uncertainty construct in the context of anxiety disorders. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 12(8), 937-947. https://doi.org/10.1586/ern.12.82

Carleton, Nicholas R.; Sharpe, Donald, & Asmundson, Gordon J. G. (2007). Anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty: requisites of the fundamental fears? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 2307-2316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.04.006

Carleton, Nicholas R.; Mulvogue, Myriah K.; Thibodeau, Michel A.; McCabe, Randi E.; Antony, Martin M., & Asmundson, Gordon J. G. (2012). Increasingly certain about uncertainty: Intolerance of uncertainty across anxiety and depression. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), 468-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.01.011

Cicchetti, Dante, & Toth, Sheree (2007). Developmental psychopathology and preventive intervention. En Ann Renninger & Irving Sigel (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology. Child Psychology in Practice (Vol. 4, pp. 497-547). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0413

CINDA (2006). Repitencia y deserción universitaria en América Latina. Santiago de Chile: CINDA-IESALC-Universidad de Talca.

Cohen, Jacob (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

DeSteno, David; Gross, James J., & Kubzansky, Laura (2013). Affective science and health: The importance of emotion and emotion regulation. Health Psychology, 32(5), 474-486. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030259

Dugas, Michal J., & Robichaud, Melisa (2007). Cognitive behavioral treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: from science to practice. Nueva York: Routledge.

Fergus, Thomas; Bardeen, Joseph, & Orcutt, Holly (2013). Experiential avoid- ance and negative emotional experiences: the moderating role of expectancies about emotion regulation strategies. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37, 352-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9469-0

Fernandez, Ritin; Salamonson, Yenna, & Griffiths, Rhonda (2012). Emotional intelligence as a predictor of academic performance in first‐year accelerated graduate entry nursing students. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(23-24), 3485-3492. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04199.x

Freeston, Mark H.; Rhéaume, Josée; Letarte, Hélène; Dugas, Michel J., & Ladouceur, Robert (1994). Why do people worry? Personality and Individual Differences, 17(6), 791-802. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)90048-5

Garnefski, Nadia, & Kraaij, Vivian (2007). The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire psychometric features and prospective relationships with depression and anxiety in adults. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.23.3.141

Garnefski, Nadia; Kraaij, Vivian, & Spinhoven, Philip (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(8), 1311-1327. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00113-6

Gentes, Emily L., & Ruscio, Ayelet Meron (2011). A meta-analysis of the relation of intolerance of uncertainty to symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(6), 923-933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2011.05.001

González Cabanach, Ramón; Souto Gestal, Antonio; Fernández Cervantes, Ramón, & Freire Rodríguez, Carlos (2011). Regulación emocional y burnout académico en estudiantes universitarios de Fisioterapia. Revista de Investigación en Educación, 9(2), 7-18.

Gratz, Kim, & Roemer, Lizabeth. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopatholy Behavior Assessment, 26(1), 41-54. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94

Gross, James, & John, Oliver (2003). Individual Differences in Two Emotion Regulation Processes: Implications for Affect, Relationships, and Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348

Gross, James J., & Thompson, Ross A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations. En James J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 3-24). New York: Guilford Press.

Hen, Meirav, & Goroshit, Marina (2014). Academic procrastination, emotional intelligence, academic self-efficacy, and GPA: A comparison between students with and without learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 47(2), 116-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219412439325

Hervás, Gonzalo (2011). Psicopatología de la regulación emocional: el papel de los déficit emocionales en los trastornos clínicos. Psicología Conductual, 19(2), 347-372.

Jeffries, Emily R.; McLeish, Alison C.; Kraemer, Kristen M.; Avallone, Kimberly M., & Fleming, John B. (2016). The role of distress tolerance in the use of specific emotion regulation strategies. Behavior Modification, 40(3), 439-451. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445515619596

Kneeland, Elizabeth T.; Dovidio, John F.; Joormann, Jutta, & Clark, Margaret S. (2016). Emotion malleability beliefs, emotion regulation, and psychopathology: Integrating affective and clinical science. Clinical Psychology Review, 45, 81-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.03.008

Koerner, Naomi, & Dugas, Michel J. (2008). An investigation of appraisals in individuals vulnerable to excesive worry: The role of intolerance of un- certainty. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 32, 619-638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1060 8- 007-9125-2

Lejuez, Carl W.; Kahler, Cristopher W., & Brown, Richard A. (2003). A modified computer version of the paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT) as a laboratory-based stressor. Behavior Therapy, 26, 290-293.

Mahoney, Alison E., & McEvoy, Peter M. (2012). A transdiagnostic examination of intolerance of uncertainty across anxiety and depressive disorders. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 41(3), 212-222. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2011.622130

Mandal, Satchit Prasun; Arya, Yogesh Kumar, & Pandey, Rakesh (2011). Mindfulness, emotion regulation and subjective wellbeing: An overview of pathways to positive mental health. Indian Journal of Social Science Research, 8(1-2), 159-167.

Marganska, Anna; Gallagher, Michelle, & Miranda, Regina (2013). Adult attachment, emotion dysregulation, and symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 83(1), 131-141. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajop.12001

Martin, Meredith; Davies, Patrick, & MacNeill, Leigha (2014). Social defense: An evolutionary-developmental model of children’s strategies for coping with threat in the peer group. Evolutionary Psychology, 12(2), 364-385. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491401200206

McEvoy, Peter M., & Mahoney, Alison E. (2012). To be sure, to be sure: Intolerance of uncertainty mediates symptoms of various anxiety disorders and depression. Behavior Therapy, 43(3), 533-545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2011.02.007

McRae, Kateri; Jacobs, Scott E.; Ray, Rebecca D.; John, Oliver P., & Gross, James J. (2012). Individual differences in reappraisal ability: Links to reappraisal frequency, well-being, and cognitive control. Journal of Research in Personality, 46(1), 2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2011.10.003

Medrano, Leonardo A., & Trógolo, Mario (2014). Validación de la escala de dificultades en la regulación emocional en la población universitaria de Córdoba, Argentina. Universitas Psychologica, 13(4), 1345-1356. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.UPSY13-4.vedr

Mennin, Douglas S.; Holaway, Robert M.; Fresco, David M.; Moore, Michael T., & Heimberg, Richard G. (2007). Delineating components of emotion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology. Behavior Therapy, 38, 284-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. beth.2006.09.001

Mukkala, Sari; Ilonen, Tuula; Koskela, Jari; Nordström, Tanja; Loukkola, Jukka; Miettunen, Jouko… Veijola, Juha (2014). Response initiation in young adults at risk for psychosis in the Northern Finland 1986 Birth Cohort. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 19(3), 226-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2013.840569

Neuenschwander, Regula; Röthlisberger, Marianne; Cimeli, Patrizia, & Roebers, Claudia M. (2012). How do different aspects of self-regulation predict successful adaptation to school? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 113(3), 353-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2012.07.004

Norr, Aaron M.; Oglesby, Mary E.; Capron, Daniel W.; Raines, Amanda M.; Korte, Kristina J., & Schmidt, Norman B. (2013). Evaluating the unique contribution of intolerance relative to other cognitive vulnerability factors in of uncertainty anxiety psychopathology. Journal of Affective Disorders, 151(1), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.05.063

Quoidbach, Jordi; Berry, Elizabeth V.; Hansenne, Michel, & Mikolajczak, Moïra (2010). Positive emotion regulation and well-being: Comparing the impact of eight savoring and dampening strategies. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(5), 368-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.048

Rimm-Kaufman, Sara E.; Curby, Tim W.; Grimm, Kevin J.; Nathanson, Lori, & Brock, Laura L. (2009). The contribution of children’s self-regulation and classroom quality to children’s adaptive behaviors in the kindergarten classroom. Developmental Psychology, 45(4), 958-972. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015861

Roberton, Terri; Daffern, Michael, & Bucks, Romola S. (2012). Emotion regulation and aggression. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(1), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2011.09.006

Rodríguez de Behrends, Marisa, & Brenlla, María Elena (2015). Adaptación para Buenos Aires de la Escala de Intolerancia a la Incertidumbre. Interdisciplinaria, 32(2), 261-274.

Romero, Rocio; Abba, María Julieta, & Taborga, Ana María (2015). Las políticas públicas en la Educación Superior Argentina. Análisis comparativo de la internacionalización universitaria durante los períodos 1990-2002 y 2003-2011. En V Congreso Nacional e Internacional de Estudios Comparados en Educación, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Rydell, Ann-Margret; Berlin, Lisa, & Bohlin, Gunilla (2003). Emotionality, emotion regulation, and adaptation among 5- to 8-year-old children. Emotion, 3(1), 30-47. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.3.1.30

Saxena, Prachi; Dubey, Akanksha, & Pandey, Rakesh (2011). Role of emotion regulation difficulties in predicting mental health and well-being. SIS Journal of Projective Psychology & Mental Health, 18(2), 147-155.

Sexton Kathryn A. & Dugas, Michel J. (2009). Defining negative beliefs about uncertainty: Validating the factor structure of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. Psychological Assessment, 21(2), 176-186. https://doi.org/10.1037/a001 5827.

Shields, Grant S.; Moons, Wesley G.; Tewell, Carl A., & Yonelinas, Andrew P. (2016). The effect of negative affect on cognition: Anxiety, not anger, impairs executive function. Emotion, 16(6), 792-797. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000151

Simons, Raluca M.; Hahn, Austin M.; Simons, Jeffrey S., & Murase, Hanako (2017). Emotion dysregulation and peer drinking norms uniquely predict alcohol-related problems via motives. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 177, 54-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.019

Strong, David R.; Lejuez, Carl W.; Daughters, Stacey B.; Marinello, Mario; Kahler, Cristopher W., & Brown, Richard A. (2003). The computerized mirror tracing task version 1. Unpublished manuscript.

Trincas, Robert; Bilotta, Elena, & Mancini, Francesco (2016). Specific Beliefs about Emotions Are Associated with Different Emotion-Regulation Strategies. Psychology, 7(13), 1682-1699. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2016.713159

World Medical Association. (2013). Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Recuperado de www.wma.net/policiespost/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-formedical-research-involving-human-subjects/

Yook, Keunyoung; Kim, Keun-Hyang; Suh, Shin Young, & Lee, Kang Soo (2010). Intolerance of uncertainty, worry, and rumination in major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24(6), 623-628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.04.003

Zvolensky, Michael J.; Vujanovic, Anka A.; Bernstein, Aamit, & Leyro, Teresa M. (2010). Distress tolerance: Theory, measurement, and relations to psychopathology. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(6), 406-410. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721410388642

Biografía del autor/a

Macarena Verónica del Valle, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - Instituto de Psicología Básica, Aplicada y Tecnología

Macarena del Valle es Licenciada en Psicología por la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata –UNMDP–, Especialista en Psicoterapia Cognitiva por la Fundación Aiglé y Master en Investigación Aplicada a la Educación por la Universidad de Valladolid. Es estudiante del Doctorado en Psicología de la UNMDP y Becaria Doctoral del CONICET. 

Eliana Vanesa Zamora, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - CONICET

Eliana Zamora es Licenciada  en Psicología y Doctora en Psicología por la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP). Becaria Posdoctoral CONICET en temas relacionados con el control inhibitorio, su desarrollo, y emociones en población infantil.

María Laura Andrés, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - CONICET

María Laura Andrés es Licenciada y Doctora en Psicología por la UNMdP y actualmente es Investigadora asistente del CONICET y docente en la UNMdP. También posee un Master en Psicología, Educación y Desarrollo por la Universidad de Cádiz, España y es Magíster en Psicología Cognitiva y Aprendizaje por FLACSO-UAM.

María Jesús Irurtia, Universidad de Valladolid

María Jesús Irurtia es Doctora en psicología y especialista en Psicología Clínica con experiencia tanto en el ámbito público como privado. Es Profesora Titular de la Universidad de Valladolid y forma parte del área de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos  del Departamento de Psicología.

Sebastián Urquijo, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - CONICET

Sebastián Urquijo es Licenciado en Psicología por la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata y Doctor en Psicología por la Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Posee también unMaster en Educación en el área de Psicología Educacional y actualmente es Investigador Principal del CONICET y docente de la UNMdP.

Publicado

2020-08-31

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.